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VLAN Hopping: Double Tagging and Switch Spoofing

VLAN Hopping: Double Tagging and Switch Spoofing

How VLAN hopping works: double tagging and switch spoofing attacks explained, why native VLANs and DTP make them possible, and the hardening steps.

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EtherChannel and LACP Hashing: Why One Flow Fills One Link

EtherChannel and LACP Hashing: Why One Flow Fills One Link

How EtherChannel and LACP hashing works: the inputs used, why a single flow stays on one member link, and how to pick and verify a hash algorithm.

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Loopback Interfaces: Why Every Network Device Needs One

Loopback Interfaces: Why Every Network Device Needs One

Loopback interfaces explained: why a stable /32 address is the identity of a router, how it drives router IDs, BGP and management, and how to plan the

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BPDU Guard vs Root Guard vs Loop Guard Compared

BPDU Guard vs Root Guard vs Loop Guard Compared

Compare BPDU Guard, Root Guard and Loop Guard: what each protects against, how the port reacts, whether recovery is automatic, and where to deploy the

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BGP Route Flap Damping and Why RIPE-580 Advises Off

BGP Route Flap Damping and Why RIPE-580 Advises Off

BGP route flap damping: penalty, half-life, reuse and suppress limits, why path hunting makes it harmful, and how RIPE-580 changed best practice.

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Cisco ASR 9000 IOS XR show Commands for Troubleshooting

Cisco ASR 9000 IOS XR show Commands for Troubleshooting

A practical set of Cisco ASR 9000 IOS XR show commands for hardware, fabric, interfaces, routing and processes, with what each output tells you.

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Dynamic ARP Inspection: Configuration and Failure Scenarios

Dynamic ARP Inspection: Configuration and Failure Scenarios

Configure Dynamic ARP Inspection with DHCP snooping and ARP ACLs, avoid the classic outages, and verify it with the right show commands.

admin admin 2026-10-01
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Distributed Anycast Gateway and ARP Suppression in VXLAN

Distributed Anycast Gateway and ARP Suppression in VXLAN

Design a distributed anycast gateway with ARP suppression in VXLAN EVPN, with configuration examples, verification commands and caveats.

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Energy-Efficient Ethernet (802.3az): Benefits and Gotchas

Energy-Efficient Ethernet (802.3az): Benefits and Gotchas

How 802.3az Energy-Efficient Ethernet low power idle works, where the savings are real, and when it causes latency or interop problems.

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802.1X Supplicant Troubleshooting: EAPOL Debug Step by Step

802.1X Supplicant Troubleshooting: EAPOL Debug Step by Step

Debug 802.1X supplicant failures with EAPOL packet captures, switch-side dot1x debugs and certificate checks that find the real cause fast.

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